PCEs are composed by a methoxy-polyethylene glycol copolymer (side chain) grafted with methacrylic acid copolymer (main chain). The carboxylate group -COO−Na+ dissociates in water, provided a negative charge along the PCE backbone. The polyethylene oxide (PEO or MPEG) group affords a non-uniform allotment of electron cloud, which gives chemical polarity to the side chains. 更多
